【英文标准名称】:Informationtechnology-CommonLanguageInfrastructure(CLI)-TechnicalReport:CommonGenerics
【原文标准名称】:信息技术.通用语言结构(CLI).技术报告:普通遗传学
【标准号】:ISO/IECTR25438-2006
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:国际
【发布日期】:2006-08-01
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:国际标准化组织(IX-ISO)
【起草单位】:ISO/IECJTC1/SC22
【标准类型】:()
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:数据处理;测定;EDP;电子数据处理;功能;总规范;信息处理;信息技术;基础设施;交替使用性;语言;图书馆;程序设计语言;规范;系统;型式
【英文主题词】:Dataprocessing;Determinations;EDP;Functions;Genericspecification;Informationprocessing;Informationtechnology;Infrastructure;Interoperability;Languages;Libraries;Programminglanguages;Specification;Systems;Types
【摘要】:TheCLIstandardlibraries(ISO/IEC23271)provideacollectionofcommontypesthatcanbeusedbymultiplelanguages.WiththeadditionofgenericstotheCLI,thestandardlibrarieshavebeenextendedtoincludeanumberofcommongenerictypes,inparticular,collections.However,atpresent,theselibrariesdonotincludemanysimplegenerictypesfoundinanumberofdifferentlanguages.AnylanguagewhichusesthesecommontypesmustimplementthemratherthandeferringtotheCLIlibrary,therebyreducinglanguageinteroperability.ThisTechnicalReportaddressesthisissuebyprovidinganumberofthesecommontypes.Generictuples(producttypes)arestandardinanumberoflanguages:C++(templatePair),Ada,Haskell,andStandardML(SML).However,languagesdifferinthenumberofpre-definedtuplesizessupportedbytheirstandardlibraries;e.g.C++providesjustone(Pair)whileHaskellprovideseight(sizes2to9)andSMLallowsanysizeoftuple.ThisTechnicalReportprovidesnine(sizes2to10).Genericprogrammingencourages“higherorder”programmingwheregenericfunctions(methods)takefunction(delegate)typeargumentsthathavegenerictypes.ExamplesincludeAda’swithandgenericconstraints,andfunctionargumentsinHaskellandSML.IntheCLI,functionvaluesareprovidedintheformofdelegates,sothisproposaldefinesstandardgenericdelegatetypesforfunctions(whichreturnavalue)andprocedures(whichdonot).Anothertwotypesthatoccurinanumberoflanguagesareanoptionaltype,whicheithercontainsavalueofsomeothertypeoranindicationthatsuchavalueisnotpresent;andaneithertype,whichholdsavalueofoneoftwopossibletypesandanindicationofwhichoneispresent.Thisproposalprovidesbothofthese.NoteTheoptionaltypeissimilarto,butdifferentfrom,thetypeSystem.Nullable.Finally,inexistinggenericlanguages,aneedhasbeenfoundforafillertypetobeusedwhenaparticulargenericparameterisnotrequiredforaparticularuseofthegenerictype.Astandardone-valuetypeisoftenprovidedforthispurpose,oftencalledUnitorVoid.ThisTechnicalReportincludessuchatype.
【中国标准分类号】:L74
【国际标准分类号】:35_060
【页数】:70P.;A4
【正文语种】:英语